Global Health Inequalities: Structural Barriers to Accessing Affordable Healthcare in Low-Income Countries

Abstract

This study explores the structural barriers to accessing affordable healthcare in low-income countries (LICs), emphasizing the role of economic, geographical, cultural, and political factors in healthcare inequality. By analyzing a diverse set of healthcare indicators, including healthcare access, infant mortality rates, life expectancy, and GDP per capita, the study identifies key determinants that contribute to disparities in healthcare outcomes. Results show that LICs, despite global health advancements, continue to face significant healthcare access challenges due to insufficient funding, inadequate infrastructure, and healthcare workforce shortages. Geographical barriers, particularly for rural populations, further exacerbate these disparities. The study also highlights the influence of political instability, which disrupts healthcare delivery, and the cultural and social factors that prevent marginalized communities from seeking care. The analysis reveals that while international aid has provided some relief, sustainable improvements depend on strengthening local healthcare systems and improving governance. The findings underscore the need for multifaceted policy reforms and investments that address both the economic and social determinants of health to reduce health inequalities in LICs. This research contributes to the understanding of health disparities and provides insights into policy recommendations aimed at improving healthcare access and outcomes in low-income regions.